What are the similarities and differences between Filipino and Korean culture, attitude, beliefs, and traditions?

Datu Kidlat

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What are the similarities and differences between Filipino and Korean culture, attitude, beliefs, and traditions?

Both cultures are very different from each other, but I do find that being Asian countries there are some similarities here and there that need to be addressed.

• Collectivism and collectivist ideals are a big part of both Korean and Filipino cultures. This also ties in to close family bonds and respect for elders, which manifests into the practice of bowing to elders in Korea and the practice of pagmamano, or showing respect in the Philippines.

• This culture of respect and seniority also shows in their respective languages. The Korean language uses formal speech such as 니다 and 요 at the end of sentences when talking to elders or to strangers, whereas in Tagalog, the use of words ‘po’ and ‘opo’ at the end of sentences are used when talking to elders or people in seniority.

• Being hierarchical societies, kinship terms are also used a lot in both cultures. The words hyung (형) and oppa (오빠) refer to an older brother whereas eonni (언니) and noona (누나 ) refer to older sister in Korean, where ‘kuya’ and ‘ate’ refer to older brother and older sister in Tagalog and other Filipino languages. These terms are also used for people who may not be related to the speaker.

• Karaoke culture is big in both Korean and Filipino cultures. Karaoke is mainly done in noraebang (노래방) in Korea whereas in the Philippines it can be done in a local barangay among neighbors. Singing as a whole is a popular pastime in both countries.

• Interestingly enough, both countries have their own tug-of-war game inscribed in the UNESCO Intangible List. Juldarigi (줄다리기) is the traditional tug-of-war game in Korea, whereas Punnuk is a local version of tug-of-war among the Ifugao people in the Philippines. Both games are played around harvest time in agricultural communities.

• In relation to the West, both cultures can be quite modest as far as dress and mannerisms go. Outfits will typically not show too much. Saving face is very important in both cultures.

• There are a few similarities in regard to the food culture as well. Street food culture is big in both cultures, especially in major cities.

• Rice is a staple meal in both countries.

• Both countries are heavy pork and beef eaters. Both Filipino and Korean cuisine has a lot of pork and pork belly dishes (i.e samgyeopsal, bulgogi, and jokpal in Korea; lechon kawali, liempo, and humba in the Philippines).

• Both countries also have a big drinking culture as well. Drinking is seen as a huge aspect of socialization in Korean society and in the Philippines, inuman culture is a big part of hanging out with others.

Behaviors and Culture of Drinking among Korean People

Abstract Background: The objective of this study was to identify behaviors and culture of drinking alcohol in Korean people. Methods: Among a panel of subjected enrolled in existing domestic survey companies, adults aged 19 to 59 yr old who replied that their drinking frequency was more than once a month for the past one year were selected in 2017. Sample size and methods used for analysis were determined by considering demographically proportioned stratified sampling and monthly alcohol drinking rate. A total of 1,185 subjects (731 males and 454 females) responded to questionnaires. Results: Most drinking behaviors were in the domain of leisure time. Drinking for two or more times a month and binge drinking were mainly concentrated in five occasions types: going out with friends (44.2%), going out with colleague (34.2%), drinking at home or friend’s home with friends (32.9%), drinking at home alone (29.3%), and drinking with meals at home (27.5%). Regarding the ratio of experiences in drinking for subjects according to occupations, ‘Directors/Managers’ who participated in receptions of guests, either hosted by or invited thereto, had the highest percentage (64.2%), followed by ‘Individual Proprietors’ (56.4%). Differences between each type of occupation were found to be statistically significant ( P < 0.001). Conclusion: The drinking culture in Korea was characterized by more social drinking than by drinking alone at home. The drinking behavior was often one-shot at a time rather than drinking a little sip. The practices of collective drinking should be improved to avoid secondary harmful effects. Keywords: Drinking, Culture, Drinking behavior, Koreans Introduction Alcoholic drinks, together with tobacco, have been regarded as choices of one’s preference. Thus, drinking alcoholic beverage or selecting preferred drinks depends on one’s taste and one’s individual life style. However, in terms of behaviors involving drinking such as when, how, and what kinds of spirits do people drink, drinking is a social behavior determined by the society that people live in ( 1 ). The notion of alcohol and behaviors of drinking recognized by groups in a society acts as a sort of social norm. It influences drinking behaviors ( 2 , 3 ). Alcoholic drinks are materials endowed with social significance ( 1 ). They are presented in religious rituals, rites of passage, and ceremonial occasions beyond its original function of intoxication. People drink alcoholic liquors when they feel happiness or sadness. They also drink when they are in ceremonial occasions such as the coming-of-age ceremony, marriage, ancestor memorials, and so on. Thus, behaviors of drinking alcoholic contents reflect history, culture, religion, living habit, and racial characteristics of each ethnic group. The drinking culture of an individual country is developed in a way to reflect unique social norms and life styles in each society. The attitude or behavior of drinking of an individual constitut

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6124142/

There are a ton of differences in their cultural traditions and mannerisms as well.

• Koreans tend to be more punctual, as is the case in much of East Asia. Filipinos are more flexible with time, as is true in much of Southeast Asia and in many tropical nations.
• Korea is an ethno-state, with almost 98% of residents in South Korea being of Korean ethnicity. The Philippines is a lot more heterogeneous, with around 120 distinct ethnolinguistic groups none of them being the majority, the largest ones being Tagalog, Visayan, and Ilocano.
• Because it is an ethno-state, the Korean language is the main language among everyone in Korea. In the Philippines, it's common to be multilingual, with a non-Tagalog person knowing their local language, Tagalog, and English. South Korea does have better English speakers in relation to its neighbors Japan and China.

• Korean society has been directly and largely influenced by its proximity to China, meaning Confucianism and other aspects of Chinese culture left a mark on its history and cultural values. Korean society as such is one of the most Confucian societies. The Philippines is largely Austronesian with a good amount of Spanish, Chinese, and Malay influence.

• Korean religious traditions have been largely shaped by Confucianism, Shamanism, and Buddhism. The Philippines is largely Catholic with a big Muslim presence in Mindanao, though Animism and Animist ideas are still prevalent among Catholics and Muslims. Although Christianity has also been quite big in Korea since the 20th century.

• While both societies are hierarchical, the Confucian nature of Korean society places a larger emphasis on hierarchy.
• When it comes to food culture, Korean meals tend to have many side dishes called banchan like kimchi, as well as many grass-based side dishes called namul (나물).

• Filipino cuisine generally has more access to fresh, tropical fruits such as mangoes, lychee, jackfruit, durian, and star fruit.

• Korean food is generally spicier, whereas spicy food is relegated to Bicol and Mindanao in the Philippines.

• Chopsticks are more prevalent in Korean eating habits, whereas eating either kamayan style, or with a spoon and fork is more common among Filipinos.